Bloodshed and Bloodguilt

Links for today’s readings:

Sep 29  Read: Lamentations 4 Listen: (3:42) Read: Romans 2 Listen: (4:13)

Scripture Focus: Lamentations 4.13-15

13 But it happened because of the sins of her prophets 

and the iniquities of her priests, 

who shed within her 

the blood of the righteous. 

14 Now they grope through the streets 

as if they were blind. 

They are so defiled with blood 

that no one dares to touch their garments. 

15 “Go away! You are unclean!” people cry to them. 

“Away! Away! Don’t touch us!” 

When they flee and wander about, 

people among the nations say, 

“They can stay here no longer.”

Reflection: Bloodshed and Bloodguilt

By John Tillman

Jeremiah said the priests and prophets shed the “blood of the righteous.” Is this bloodshed literal or metaphorical?

In this context, it is probably both. Bloodguilt is a person’s moral responsibility before God for unjust deaths that one caused or failed to take reasonable action to prevent, especially when one had a duty to act, such as under the covenant or, by analogy, modern legal systems.

You don’t have to literally spill blood to have bloodguilt. For example, Jeremiah narrowly escaped “bloodshed” by the religious leaders, but they didn’t try to cut his throat. They tried to drown or starve him in a muddy cistern. (Jer 38.6-13)

Bloodguilt is often implied for non-violent offenses involving neglect, such as deaths deemed preventable if covenant responsibilities had been followed faithfully. For example, when foreigners, widows, orphans, or the poor starve to death because the community fails to care for them as directed, God demands an account. (Is 1.15-17; Eze 22.7-12; Jer 22.3-17; Prov 24.11-12)

In Jeremiah’s poem of lament, these priests become pariahs. They stagger around blindly, covered in blood that makes them unclean. People shout at them to go away and shun their touch.

In real life, before the fall of the city, these priests probably looked normal. Their robes would have been immaculate and people would have been honored to be in their presence. But in Jeremiah’s vision, the truth is revealed. When their wickedness and bloodguilt become visible to everyone, they are shunned.

We do not live under the covenant that Jerusalem did, but that does not mean we don’t have responsibilities as God’s people to preserve and protect life. There are at least two ways to think about this.

First, consider the log in your eye. Are we taking seriously our responsibilities to take reasonable measures to prevent loss of life? What are we, personally, and through our churches and governments, doing or not doing?

The second is, are we holding accountable those who shed blood either maliciously or through incompetence or carelessness? Are we shunning and calling them out for their sins or going along with them as normal?

Like Jeremiah, we do not incur bloodguilt for things we have no power to stop or for things we oppose, yet fail to stop. However, whether people are being shot in the street or starving in the street, let us be found doing what we can and holding accountable those who are negligent or complicit.

Divine Hours Prayer: The Request for Presence

Let all who seek you rejoice and be glad in you; let those who love your salvation say forever, “Great is the Lord!” — Psalm 70.4

– From The Divine Hours: Prayers for Summertime by Phyllis Tickle.

Readers’ Choice is Coming!

Readers’ Choice is when we ask you to share your favorite Park Forum posts from this year. What posts challenged you?

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Read more: Justice That Protects Even Criminals’ Lives

The life of the criminal matters to God…Let us ensure that we maintain justice that protects life, including the life of the criminal.

Time to Make the Mercy Known

Links for today’s readings:

Sep 28  Read: Lamentations 3 Listen: (5:10) Read: Romans 1 Listen: (5:02)

Scripture Focus: Lamentations 3.19-23, 32-33

19 I remember my affliction and my wandering, 

the bitterness and the gall. 

20 I well remember them, 

and my soul is downcast within me. 

21 Yet this I call to mind 

and therefore I have hope: 

22 Because of the Lord’s great love we are not consumed, 

for his compassions never fail. 

23 They are new every morning; 

great is your faithfulness. 

32 Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, 

so great is his unfailing love. 

33 For he does not willingly bring affliction 

or grief to anyone.

Reflection: Time to Make the Mercy Known

By John Tillman

“Time to make the mercy.”

This inside joke between my wife and me mashes up “His mercies are new every morning” with an old Dunkin’ Donuts commercial. (NIV uses “compassions” instead of “mercies”)

In the famous “Time to make the donuts” commercial, Fred the Baker exits and enters his door at all hours. Exiting, he says, “Time to make the donuts.” Entering, weary and worn by weather and work, he says, “I made the donuts.” This continues repeatedly until he meets himself coming in the door, saying a final time, “I made the donuts.”

I don’t remember when I first made this little joke, but it was probably inspired by the old worship chorus, “The Steadfast Love of the Lord.”  It has been a consistent, light-hearted way to keep this verse and thought alive in our hearts. It refreshes me to picture God, laboring as the baker (perhaps with some flour on his clothing and sweat on his brow) to make afresh new mercies for each day.

But the mercy that Jeremiah spoke about is not some light and fluffy donut.

Would you have guessed (if you didn’t know) that this encouraging line comes from a book of poems called Lamentations? Probably not. Separated from its context, the phrase sounds so cheery it can seem trite.

When things go awfully, horribly wrong in life, encouragement from people who seem to never have had anything go wrong doesn’t help. When someone whose worst day ever was spilling their coffee or dropping a donut tells us, “His mercies are new every morning,” it’s understandable to roll our eyes. When Jeremiah says it, we can trust it.

Jeremiah said that God does not “willingly bring affliction or grief to anyone.” But he also said God has “broken my teeth with gravel” and “all that I had hoped from the Lord” is gone. From this painful and broken place, Jeremiah speaks about God’s mercies, compassion, and loyal love.

The mercy Jeremiah described saved him from being consumed or crushed in his pain. God’s mercy is “battle-tested” by Jeremiah and many before us. It is tough enough for the toughest things we will face.

Not only do we need that kind of loyal love and mercy, everyone around us does too. God has already “made the mercy” through Christ’s cross. It is finished. 

It is time for us to make Christ’s mercy known.

Divine Hours Prayer: The Request for Presence

Be seated on your lofty throne, O most high; O Lord, judge the nations. — Psalm 7.8

– From The Divine Hours: Prayers for Summertime by Phyllis Tickle.

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Of Rings and Kings

Links for today’s readings:

Sep 25  Read: Jeremiah 52 Listen: (5:49) Read: 2 Corinthians 11 Listen: (4:46)

Links for this weekend’s readings:

Sep 26  Read: Lamentations 1 Listen: (4:44) Read: 2 Corinthians 12 Listen: (3:54)
Sep 27  Read: Lamentations 2 Listen: (4:55) Read: 2 Corinthians 13 Listen: (2:19)

Scripture Focus: Jeremiah 52.31-34

31 In the thirty-seventh year of the exile of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the year Awel-Marduk became king of Babylon, on the twenty-fifth day of the twelfth month, he released Jehoiachin king of Judah and freed him from prison. 32 He spoke kindly to him and gave him a seat of honor higher than those of the other kings who were with him in Babylon. 33 So Jehoiachin put aside his prison clothes and for the rest of his life ate regularly at the king’s table. 34 Day by day the king of Babylon gave Jehoiachin a regular allowance as long as he lived, till the day of his death.

Reflection: Of Rings and Kings

By John Tillman

Jeremiah, the weeping prophet, ends on a note of hope.

Jehoiachin was one of Judah’s last wicked kings. Jeremiah prophesied about Jehoiachin, that even if he was a valuable signet ring on God’s hand, he would still be removed and thrown away (Jer 22.24). He also prophesied that Jehoiachin’s children would not prosper or sit on David’s throne (Jer 22.30). After three months, Jehoiachin was defeated, captured, taken into captivity, and thrown in prison. The “signet ring” was discarded (2 Kings 24.8-12).

Jehoiachin deserved his suffering. “He did evil in the eyes of the Lord.” (2 Kings 24.9) He, his father, and great-grandfather “filled Jerusalem with innocent blood.” (2 Kings 24.4) Entire nations suffer under corrupt leaders like Jehoiachin. This is true militarily and economically, but it is also true spiritually. A leader’s character affects the character of (and the consequences faced by) whatever they lead, whether it is a nation, business, team, or family.

However, there are signs of hope.

The first is from Jeremiah. After 37 years, Babylon’s king released Jehoiachin from prison. Not only that, the king treated Jehoiachin kindly, had him eat at his table at a place of honor, and provided for him for the rest of his life. This could imply that something changed in Jehoiachin’s heart and God responded.

Later, another prophet, Haggai, spoke to Jehoiachin’s grandson, Zerubbabel. Haggai reused Jeremiah’s image of the signet ring. He told Zerubbabel that God would make him a signet ring to restore order and prosperity to Jerusalem during the rebuilding of the wall and temple (Hag 2.23).

Even though Jehoiachin’s line was once cursed, God still used him to bless the world through Jesus. Matthew records Jesus’ legal lineage passing through both the discarded signet ring of Jehoiachin and the restored signet ring of Zerubbabel (Matt 1.11-12). Jehoiachin’s descendant sits on David’s throne today.

This is comforting for us when we feel discarded, lost, or cursed. Not all sufferings are punishments and sometimes we suffer due to other people’s choices. (Particularly leaders’ choices.) However, no matter if you are facing consequences of your own actions or someone else’s, if there is hope for Jehoiachin, there is hope for us.

God’s plans in every age often come down to a small group of people, or even one person, changing their hearts and choosing repentance. You can be that one. You can join or start that group. We, the church, can be like a restored “signet ring.”

Divine Hours Prayer: The Refrain for the Morning Lessons

I sought the Lord, and he answered me and delivered me out of all my terror. — Psalm 34.4

– From The Divine Hours: Prayers for Summertime by Phyllis Tickle.

Readers’ Choice is Coming!

Readers’ Choice is when we ask you to share your favorite Park Forum posts from this year. 
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Read more: Beyond Second Chances

Scripture is full of second chances, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh chances, and beyond.

Are These Your Gods?

Links for today’s readings:

Sep 24  Read: Jeremiah 51 Listen: (10:15) Read: 2 Corinthians 10 Listen: (2:45)

Scripture Focus: Jeremiah 51.15-19

15 “He made the earth by his power; 

he founded the world by his wisdom 

and stretched out the heavens by his understanding. 

16 When he thunders, the waters in the heavens roar; 

he makes clouds rise from the ends of the earth. 

He sends lightning with the rain 

and brings out the wind from his storehouses. 

17 “Everyone is senseless and without knowledge; 

every goldsmith is shamed by his idols. 

The images he makes are a fraud; 

they have no breath in them. 

18 They are worthless, the objects of mockery; 

when their judgment comes, they will perish. 

19 He who is the Portion of Jacob is not like these, 

for he is the Maker of all things, 

including the people of his inheritance— 

the Lord Almighty is his name.

Reflection: Are These Your Gods?

By John Tillman

Jeremiah’s poem comparing God creating the world by his wisdom to idol makers creating objects of mockery by their foolishness appears in chapter 10 and here in chapter 51. Maybe Jeremiah knew we needed to hear it twice…

In chapter 10, this poem is directed at God’s people, who are adopting the practices of the nations around them. In chapter 51, the poem is directed specifically at Babylon, forecasting their downfall and the shame that their idols would bring to them.

Idolaters reject the truth of God for a lie. God’s wisdom created the world. Idolaters’ foolishness creates false gods. Instead of worshiping a glorious creator, they take created things and make from them something they call a god.

Modern folks are quick to shake our heads at ancient peoples who carved idols out of stone or wood and bowed down to them as supreme, supernatural beings. However, how different is this than our treatment of artificial intelligence? Aren’t we making it from the resources God granted—both natural resources from the earth and the resources of human intelligence? Aren’t we proclaiming it as our savior who will go before us? (Ex 32.1-4)

The tech billionaires behind Ai certainly are treating and speaking of it in salvific terms. The investors in the technology certainly expect miracles. The politicians enamored with its power certainly desire it. One prominent politician (that no one can critique without being called “deranged”) announced to the United Nations that his government would officially start calling artificial intelligence “Superior Intelligence.” This was after running a social media poll with two other names that he suggested, “Extreme Intelligence” and “Supreme Intelligence.”

No matter how amazing (or terrifying) the capabilities of artificial intelligence become in a year, a few years, or decades from now, it will never be “superior” or “supreme.” And even if some whistleblowers are correct and Ai (either independently or guided by malicious humans) destroys life as we know it, it will not be unique. We’ve created such tools before.

Even if we don’t call something “god” or bow down to it, it can still be an idol. When we rely on it, praise it, sacrifice for it, and defend it, what else could it be but an idol?

Be careful how much loyalty, praise, and resources you give to things or people, especially if those people or things are making god-like promises.

Resources: “AI, Surrender All”, The Russell Moore Show. Podcast, YouTube

Divine Hours Prayer: The Call to Prayer

Know this: The Lord himself is God; he himself has made us, and we are his; we are his people and the sheep of his pasture. — Psalm 100.2

– From The Divine Hours: Prayers for Summertime by Phyllis Tickle.

Readers’ Choice is Coming!

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What posts helped you pray?

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Read more: Idolatry as Parody

We become like our idols…Our hearts harden and our ears tune out and our eyes glaze over.

Stray Shepherding

Links for today’s readings:

Sep 23  Read: Jeremiah 50 Listen: (8:42) Read: 2 Corinthians 9 Listen: (2:26)

Scripture Focus: Jeremiah 50:6

My people have been lost sheep;
    their shepherds have led them astray
    and caused them to roam on the mountains.
They wandered over mountain and hill
    and forgot their own resting place.

Reflection: Stray Shepherding

By Erin Newton

In my first year of Hebrew classes, my professor explained verb tenses and used Psalm 23 as an example. He stressed, “The Lord is shepherding me”—not simply, “is my shepherd.” His point was that the guidance of our God is continual and ongoing, not just a point-in-time fact or a past action. I have taken more classes since that day two decades ago, but this statement comes to mind often.

A note here: We must remind people that the old theory that shepherds needed to be harsh and even “break the legs of a sheep when it was unruly” is false and debunked. That’s a terrible shepherding method and a horrendous advocation for abuse. (The Park Forum has written specifically on this point in Urban Legends and Good Shepherds.)

Over the last year, I’ve experienced the “sheep without a shepherd” situation. Matthew 9:26 speaks of this: “When he saw the crowds, he had compassion on them, because they were harassed and helpless, like sheep without a shepherd.” Oddly, I was a member of a functioning church. It was a church in transition and, despite reaching out to the pastors, my concerns fell through cracks. And then again two months later. And then again two months after that.

I follow an account where a photographer’s husband is a shepherd in Switzerland. It has been fascinating to see a modern-day shepherd’s life and then reflect on modern pastoral care for the church. This Swiss shepherd spends half of the year with his flocks in the mountains. He is separated from his human community for months, being integrated and connected to his sheep and goats. He knows their personalities, their struggles, their life cycles. They move up and down the mountain depending on the season.

Change is inevitable and not necessarily bad. Jeremiah’s shepherd is moving the congregation over the hills and mountains. But it’s astray. These shepherds, who were revered among their community and blindly followed by the flock, are not as wise as they proclaim to be.

The result is a lack of rest. No peace in the community. No peace with God. No peace internally.

With all the verses about human shepherding, I’m so thankful for Psalm 23. The Lord is shepherding me. I’ve moved into a new flock with a new set of shepherds who dwell among us, knowing our lives and our hurts. But it’s still the Lord who ultimately shepherds. And he does not lead astray. He guards me; I don’t have to be his defense.

Divine Hours Prayer: The Request for Presence

Show us the light of your countenance, O God, and come to us. — Psalm 67.1

– From The Divine Hours: Prayers for Summertime by Phyllis Tickle.

Readers’ Choice is Coming!

Readers’ Choice is when we ask you to share your favorite Park Forum posts from this year. 
What posts helped you understand the Bible?

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Read more: Urban Legends and Good Shepherds

Abusive leaders have used this metaphor to justify “wounding” parishioners with “tough love” because they are “good shepherds.”

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